What is snow blindness, and how to prevent it?

As wintery conditions take hold this season, it's important to be aware of the threats cold weather poses. Most are familiar with hypothermia and frostbite, but there is another common and dangerous condition you could face if you spend too much time outdoors. Snow blindness, medically known as photokeratitis, is a temporary vision impairment caused by over-exposure to UV light.

What Causes Snow Blindness?

The eye's outer layer, the cornea, can become burned when it absorbs too much light. The reflective quality of snow leads to increased UV exposure, which can cause painful damage to the cornea.

Although temporary, snow blindness is painful and can be dangerous if you are going to be driving or operating machinery. Children who spend all day playing outside in the snow could also be unknowingly putting their vision at risk.

Signs of snow blindness include:

• Sore eyes

• Headache

• Temporary vision loss or impairment

How to Prevent Snow Blindness

The best way to keep your eyes safe during the winter is to wear sunglasses or protective snow gear. Avoid spending too much time outside in the elements, especially when there are strong winds, active snowfall, and when the temperature is below freezing.

Photokeratitis occurs during the day, so you should exercise caution when spending time outdoors and being surrounded by snow. While driving, make sure that you wear proper eye protection.

Luckily, snow blindness does not cause permanent vision loss. When you remove the excessive UV source and rest your eyes, you should have full vision restored within several hours.

As an added precaution, it's helpful to stay up to date with your local weather forecast. Doing so will help you prepare adequately and ensure that you always have the equipment you need to protect yourself from the elements.

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